Minangkabau lived in self-supporting villages called nagari and large family houses, known as rumah
gadang which were collectively owned and occupied by a matrilineal extended
family unit called the kaum. The
Minangkabau family unit consisted of all the relatives who were members of the
matrilineal kaum. For Minangkabau families, matrilineal systems are social, and culture safety nets. This system also
assurance and feed all families with tanah
ulayat or customary land.
Indonesian crisis called krismon (monetary crisis) in 1997 have changed those situation. Job
and income loss and certification of tanah
ulayat become individual own are sources family economic stress in years
after of crisis. It also impact into marital relationships, and parent-child
interaction or relationship. As result, women as mandeh (mother) lost her property right and guaranteed
source of protection and support of the kaum. In past time she is queen of rumah gadang, but now street become new
home to growth of her children while the
kaum more individual.
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